1: Contributing factors:

• Land tenure systems in disarray
  
• Eroded traditional systems of land management
  
• Rampant poverty
  
• Land appropriation
  
• General rural impoverishment exacerbated by:
  o export ban
  o droughts and armed conflict
  
• Diaspora returnees grab land for farming
  
• Urban elite grabs land
  

2: Solutions

• Sustainable management of forests
  
• Soil protection
  
• Striking a balance between competing demands for land use and resources
  
• Lasting solutions for charcoal crisis

3: Conflicts

• Multifarious
  
• Complex
  
• Beyond traditional means of control
  
• Unemployed youth

4: Issues

• Increased:
  o urbanisation
  o sedentarization
  
• Village formation
  
• No government policies regulating natural resources use
  
• No development programs in national budget
  

5: Other critical matters

• Fencing of rangeland
  
• Burning the forests for fuel
  
• Settling around water points
  

6: Implications for Peace

• More sporadic rains
  
• Traditional boundaries crossed
  
• Hostilities increasing
  

7: Achievements and Lessons Learned

• Raising awareness and encouraging action
  
• Show-casing solutions
  
• Bridging differences
  
• Empowering pastoralists
  

8: Recommendations

• Clear policy and law
  
• Living incomes
  
• Regional cooperation
  
• Efficient use
  
• Alternative fuels
  
• Community involvement